![]() ![]() Merging movements and lane change maneuvers on freeways create turbulence and pose a high risk of collisions, so the safety of the ramp–freeway junctions is critical. Ceci suggère que l’approche de conflit de collision est une substitution raisonnable pour les modèles conventionnels de prédiction de collisions en matière d’évaluation des effets sur la sécurité dans le cas de changements de conception, particulièrement pour ces changements qui ne peuvent pas être capturés dans les modèles conventionnels. Les résultats des SPF fondés sur les conflits concordent avec ceux des SPF fondés sur les collisions développés pour le même échantillon, avec des coefficients logiquement négatifs pour la longueur de voie d’accélération et des coefficients positifs pour les volumes de trafic. Les SPF intégrant les conflits à l’origine de collisions avec les seuils de temps avant la collision ont été alors développés et comparés. Cette approche a été explorée en utilisant la micro simulation dans le but de produire et d’analyser des conflits pour les zones de convergence sur les autoroutes de l’Ontario. ![]() Une approche utilisant des mesures de sécurité de substitution peut régler cette question, pourvu que ces mesures puissent être liées aux collisions. ![]() Les fonctions de rendement en matière de sécurité (« SPF ») fondées sur les collisions ne peuvent typiquement pas tenir compte de tous les facteurs opérationnels et de conception qui contribuent à la fréquence des collisions dans l’évaluation des effets de ces facteurs sur la sécurité. This suggests that the crash–conflict approach is a reasonable substitute for conventional crash prediction models in assessing the safety effects of design changes, especially for those changes that cannot be captured in the conventional models. The results of the conflict-based SPFs are in agreement with those from crash-based SPFs developed for the same sample, with logically negative coefficients for acceleration lane length and positive coefficients for traffic volumes. Crash–conflict integrated SPFs with different time to collision thresholds were then developed and compared. This approach was explored by using microsimulation to generate and analyze conflicts for merge areas on Ontario freeways. An approach using surrogate safety measures can address this issue, providing these measures can be linked to crashes. The third original option, Google Earth Plus, has been discontinued.Crash-based safety performance functions (SPFs) typically cannot account for all design and operational factors that contribute to crash frequency in assessing the safety impacts of these factors. It was originally available with three different licenses, but has since been reduced to just two: Google Earth (a free version with limited function) and Google Earth Pro ($399 per year), which is intended for commercial use. ![]() It maps the Earth by the superimposition of images obtained from satellite imagery, aerial photography and geographic information system (GIS) 3D globe. Google Earth is a virtual globe, map and geographical information program that was originally called EarthViewer 3D created by Keyhole, Inc, a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) funded company acquired by Google in 2004 (see In-Q-Tel). (if it is not already installed in your computer), The application shows cruise vessels' current positions and images of onboard webcams of the the following cruise lines: Screenshot of Cruise Ships' Current Positions at Caribbean Sea and the Bahamas Google Earth Cruise Ships Current Positions by SeaScanner Screenshot of APRS's Google Earth Application (Plug-In) for visualization of live AIS ship traffic. Google Earth Application for Free Ship Tracking by APRS.fi If Google Earth is installed in your computer, you may see the vessels positions in real time and you may browse quickly the areas of your interest, without the limitations of the web page maps but just using Google Maps. Google Earth is freely available for personal use and provides very detailed and efficient browsing in world's satellite maps. The information of vessels positions provided by MarineTraffic is available in KML format, which is used by the Google Earth application. ![]()
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